트럼프의 RCEP 탈퇴와 인도 모디 총리의 TPP 탈퇴 (feat.보호무역주의)

What’s the RCEP and What Happened to the TPP?

 

※ 영어 학습 자료로 블룸버그 2019년 11월 5일 오전 2:30 기사를 인용하였습니다.

 

When it comes to sweeping global free-trade agreements, President Donald Trump isn’t the only party-pooper. Two years after Trump withdrew the U.S. from a 12-nation deal known as the TPP, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has pulled India out of a 16-nation grouping led by China known as the RCEP. In both cases, protectionism played a part; in both cases, the show goes on.

○ when it comes to = about
○ sweeping : 전면적인
○ party-pooper : 흥을 깨는 사람

○ protectionism : 보호무역주의

 

1. What is the RCEP?

What began in 2012 as a routine harmonizing of agreements between members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or Asean, turned into a deal creating potentially the world’s biggest free trade bloc. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, to give its full name, is aimed at strengthening trading ties among China and others with Asean members. Broadly speaking, it would lower tariffs and other barriers to the trade of goods among the 16 countries that were in, or had existing trade deals with, Asean.

○ RCEP : 역내 포괄적 경제동반자 협정
○ trading ties : 교역 관계

2. But that’s now down to 15 nations?

Correct. India pulled out in November saying it wanted to protect service workers and farmers. There were also worries the country would be flooded by cheap goods from China. Modi had pushed the other nations to address concerns over deficits and to open their markets to Indian services and investments.

○ address : (걱정을) 해소하다

3. Is India’s loss a big deal?

It would have been the third-biggest economy in the RCEP, so yes. On the other hand, China has been seeking to tie up the deal expeditiously as the country faces slowing growth from a trade war with the U.S. It is also looking to further integrate with regional economies just as the Trump administration urges Asian nations to shun Chinese infrastructure loans and 5G technology. China says India is welcome to come back aboard whenever it’s ready, and that it’s willing to sign high-standard, free-trade agreements with more countries.

○ tie up : 일을 (만족스럽게) 끝내다
○ expeditiously : 신속하게

○ urge : 촉구하다
○ shun : 피하다
○ aboard : 승선한

4. What’s different about the RCEP?

Unlike the TPP and other U.S.-led trade deals, the RCEP wouldn’t require its members to take steps to liberalize their economies, protect labor rights and environmental standards and protect intellectual property. According to U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, it’s a “very low-grade treaty” that lacks the scope of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, or TPP.

○ liberalize : 자유화하다

5. What happened to the TPP?

It became the the CPTPP, or Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. Signed in March 2018, it’s already in force for seven of the 11 signatories. They decided to press on after Trump signed an executive order in 2017, shortly after coming to office, withdrawing the U.S., saying he wanted to get fairer deals.

○ TPP(환태평양경제동반자협정 → 미국탈퇴 → 명칭변경 as CPTPP(포괄적& 점진적 환태평양경제동반자협정)

6. How close is the RCEP to being finalized?

More than a dozen rounds of talks have been held since 2012. The 15 remaining countries have signaled they now plan to sign the deal in 2020.

 

7. Which countries are on which side?

Seven nations -- Australia, Brunei, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore and Vietnam -- participated in negotiations for both deals. The U.S., Canada, Chile, Mexico and Peru are TPP-only negotiators, while RCEP-only countries, other than China, are Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, South Korea and Thailand. The U.S. hasn’t been deliberately excluded from the RCEP. To join, it would first need to reach a free-trade arrangement with Asean, then apply to join.